1. Central Processing Unit (CPU):
The CPU, or processor, acts as the brain of the computer, executing instructions and performing calculations. It comprises the control unit, arithmetic logic unit (ALU), and registers, working in tandem to process data and carry out commands from software programs.
2. Random Access Memory (RAM):
RAM serves as the computer’s short-term memory, storing data that the CPU needs to access quickly. It enables the system to run multiple applications simultaneously, enhancing the overall performance and responsiveness of the computer.
3. Motherboard:
The motherboard is the primary circuit board that connects and facilitates communication between various hardware components, including the CPU, RAM, storage devices, and peripherals. It serves as the central hub, enabling data transfer and power distribution within the computer system.
4. Storage Devices:
There are various types of storage devices, including Hard Disk Drives (HDDs), Solid State Drives (SSDs), and more recently, NVMe (Non-Volatile Memory Express) drives. These devices are responsible for storing data, operating systems, software applications, and files, ensuring data persistence even when the computer is powered off.
5. Graphics Processing Unit (GPU):
The GPU is dedicated to rendering images, videos, and animations. It is instrumental in handling graphics-intensive tasks, such as gaming, video editing, and graphic design, providing smooth and high-quality visual experiences.
6. Power Supply Unit (PSU):
The PSU converts the electrical power from an outlet into usable power for the computer’s components. It ensures that each hardware component receives the required voltage and current, keeping the system operational and stable.